Creativity

The ability to organize scattered pieces of information into meaningful insights. Indicators include: reorganizing fragments according to patterns; interpreting relationships among things; and imagining or creating concepts beyond existing constraints.

Collaboration

The ability to manage the relationships of mutual interests and conflicts among players. Indicators include: sharing risks and rewards with others; seeking consensus and cooperation with others; forming agreements with one another; and ending cooperative relationships in response to shifts in interest and trade-offs.

Adaptability

The ability to grasp real-time changes in the game situation and adjust strategies accordingly. Indicators include: the extent to which the order of actions affects the game state; the diversity of player actions within the game mechanics; the presence of unknown variables in the game; the continuous change of environmental parameters; and the influence of other players’ actions on decision-making.

Problem Solving

The ability to use limited resources to achieve the best possible outcome. Indicators include: allocating different types and quantities of resources; developing long-term plans based on the overall situation; adjusting strategies in response to changing scenarios; and identifying the root cause of problems in order to formulate effective action plans.

Critical Thinking

The ability to use independent, rational, and logical analysis to assess the reliability of information and distinguish right from wrong, truth from falsehood. Indicators include: anticipating future events; inferring unknown possibilities from objective clues; identifying patterns to deduce others’ goals and motivations; finding similarities and differences among things; and repeatedly reviewing the game situation at different stages to adjust strategies and objectives.

Communication

The ability to effectively convey and receive information under restricted conditions. Indicators include: conveying messages to others in different ways; observing other players’ expressions and behavior; influencing opponents’ decisions, judgments, and actions; and negotiating with others through interactive exchanges.